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108. Quoted within the Samuel C. Chew, The Crescent additionally the Flower: Islam and you will The united kingdomt when you look at the Renaissance (Oxford: Oxford School Force, 1937), 472. 109. Cited during the Shawkat M. Toorawa, ‘‘Muhammad, Muslims, and you may Islamophiles in the Dante’s Commedia,” Muslim Business 82.1–dos (January–April 1992): 134. 110. Brenda Deen Schildgen, Dante and the Orient (Chicago: College of Illinois Force, 2002), 55–61. 111. Philip F. Kennedy, ‘‘Brand new Muslim Sourced elements of Dante?” inside the Arab In?uence in the Gothic Europe, ed. Dionisius A beneficial. Agius and you can Richard Hitchcock (Training, U.K.: Ithaca, 1994), 79. 112. Tolan, Saracens, 275–279.

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